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Corpus \u7b49\uff0c2009\uff09\u3002 \u4f46\u82e5\u5b66\u4e60\u53ea\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5206\u6570\u6216\u907f\u514d\u8d23\u7f5a\uff0c\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u70ed\u60c5\u4e0e\u597d\u5947\u5fc3\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u51cf\u5f31\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u91cd\u89c6\u6210\u957f\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u7ed3\u679c<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7236\u6bcd\u80fd\u505a\u7684\u6700\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u4e8b\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u80af\u5b9a\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u548c\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u6210\u679c\u3002 \u5f53\u5b69\u5b50\u542c\u5230\u300c\u6211\u5f88\u6b23\u8d4f\u4f60\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u300d\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u300c\u4f60\u771f\u806a\u660e\u300d\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f1a\u66f4\u6709\u97e7\u6027\uff0c\u66f4\u613f\u610f\u5728\u9047\u5230\u56f0\u96be\u65f6\u7ee7\u7eed\u5c1d\u8bd5\u3002 \u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6 Carol Dweck \u7684\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5f53\u5b69\u5b50\u83b7\u5f97\u5173\u4e8e\u52aa\u529b\u7684\u6b63\u5411\u53cd\u9988\u65f6\uff0c\u6bd4\u8d77\u4ec5\u4ec5\u88ab\u79f0\u8d5e\u806a\u660e\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\uff0c\u66f4\u613f\u610f\u63a5\u53d7\u6311\u6218\uff08Mueller &amp; Dweck\uff0c 1998\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u652f\u6301\u81ea\u4e3b\u8207\u597d\u5947\u5fc3<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b69\u5b50\u5728\u611f\u5230\u6709\u9009\u62e9\u6743\u65f6\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u4f1a\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u5347\u3002 \u591a\u5e74\u6765\uff0cRyan \u4e0e Deci \u7684\u52a8\u673a\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5f53\u5b69\u5b50\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u5185\u5bb9\u6216\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0a\u6709\u81ea\u4e3b\u6743\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5185\u5728\u52a8\u673a\u4f1a\u81ea\u7136\u63d0\u5347\u3002 \u8ba9\u5b69\u5b50\u81ea\u5df1\u9009\u4e00\u672c\u60f3\u8bfb\u7684\u4e66\u3001\u63a2\u7d22\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\uff0c\u6216\u51b3\u5b9a\u5982\u4f55\u5b8c\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u90fd\u80fd\u5e26\u6765\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4fdd\u6301\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u628a\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6392\u5f97\u6ee1\u6ee1\u7684\u2014\u2014\u8bfe\u4e1a\u3001\u624d\u827a\u3001\u8865\u4e60\uff0c\u4f46\u81ea\u7531\u6e38\u620f\u4e0e\u4f11\u606f\u5bf9\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u6210\u957f\u540c\u6837\u91cd\u8981\u3002 \u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u8f83\u591a\u81ea\u7531\u6e38\u620f\u4e0e\u81ea\u4e3b\u6d3b\u52a8\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\uff0c\u81ea\u6211\u8c03\u8282\u4e0e\u6267\u884c\u529f\u80fd\u80fd\u529b\u4e5f\u8f83\u597d\uff08Barker \u7b49\uff0c2014\uff09\u3002 \u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u6e38\u620f\u3001\u4f11\u606f\u4e0e\u653e\u677e\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u5b69\u5b50\u6210\u957f\u7684\u5fc5\u9700\u54c1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4ee5\u8eab\u4f5c\u5219\uff0c\u6b63\u5411\u9762\u5bf9\u9519\u8bef<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b69\u5b50\u4f1a\u89c2\u5bdf\u5927\u4eba\u5982\u4f55\u770b\u5f85\u9519\u8bef\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u60a8\u80fd\u5766\u7136\u5206\u4eab\u81ea\u5df1\u5b66\u4e60\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u56f0\u96be\u4e0e\u5931\u8d25\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u5b69\u5b50\u4f1a\u660e\u767d\uff1a\u72af\u9519\u5e76\u4e0d\u53ef\u6015\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u662f\u6210\u957f\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u3002 \u7814\u7a76\u4e5f\u8bc1\u5b9e\uff0c\u5f53\u7236\u6bcd\u628a\u9519\u8bef\u5f53\u4f5c\u6210\u957f\u5951\u673a\u65f6\uff0c\u5b69\u5b50\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u57f9\u517b\u51fa\u6709\u5f39\u6027\u7684\u300c\u6210\u957f\u578b\u601d\u7ef4\u300d\uff08Haimovitz &amp; Dweck\uff0c 2016\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4fdd\u6301\u6c9f\u901a\u4e0e\u7406\u89e3<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8ba9\u5b69\u5b50\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u611f\u5230\u538b\u529b\u6216\u56f0\u6270\u662f\u5f88\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u60a8\u4f1a\u966a\u4f34\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e00\u8d77\u5ea6\u8fc7\u3002 \u7814\u7a76\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u7236\u6bcd\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u652f\u6301\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5b69\u5b50\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u9002\u5e94\u5b66\u4e1a\u3001\u51cf\u5c11\u538b\u529b\uff08Suldo \u7b49\uff0c2014\uff09\u3002 \u6709\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u9759\u9759\u503e\u542c\uff0c\u4e0d\u6025\u7740\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u7ed9\u4e86\u5b69\u5b50\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5b89\u6170\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u9700\u8981\u5bfb\u6c42\u5e2e\u52a9<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u53d1\u73b0\u5b69\u5b50\u56e0\u5b66\u4e1a\u538b\u529b\u957f\u671f\u611f\u5230\u7126\u8651\u3001\u9000\u7f29\uff0c\u6216\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u7761\u7720\u4e0e\u60c5\u7eea\uff0c\u4e0d\u59a8\u8003\u8651\u54a8\u8be2\u5b66\u6821\u8f85\u5bfc\u8001\u5e08\u3001\u5fc3\u7406\u5e08\u6216\u513f\u79d1\u533b\u5e08\u3002 \u6709\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u8d44\u6e90\u80fd\u8ba9\u5168\u5bb6\u4eba\u90fd\u677e\u4e00\u53e3\u6c14\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7ed3\u8bed<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u60a8\u5bf9\u5b69\u5b50\u672a\u6765\u7684\u671f\u671b\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u6837\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u5b88\u62a4\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f53\u4e0b\u7684\u5feb\u4e50\u4e0e\u5bf9\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u70ed\u7231\u3002 \u53ea\u8981\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u91cd\u70b9\u653e\u5728\u52aa\u529b\u3001\u597d\u5947\u5fc3\u548c\u60c5\u7eea\u5065\u5eb7\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u5b69\u5b50\u57f9\u517b\u4e00\u751f\u53d7\u7528\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u52a8\u529b\u4e0e\u97e7\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b21\u8003\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53ea\u8981\u6709\u540c\u7406\u5fc3\u3001\u7406\u89e3\u4e0e\u503e\u542c\uff0c\u60a8\u4e00\u5b9a\u80fd\u966a\u4f34\u5b69\u5b50\u4e00\u8d77\u8d70\u8fc7\u5b66\u4e1a\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u6210\u4e3a\u81ea\u4fe1\u3001\u79ef\u6781\u3001\u5feb\u4e50\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u8005\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7236\u6bcd\uff0c\u60a8\u4e00\u5b9a\u5e0c\u671b\u5b69\u5b50\u80fd\u591f\u5b66\u4e60\u6210\u957f\u3001\u53d1\u6325\u6f5c\u80fd\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u7f8e\u597d\u7684\u672a\u6765\u3002 \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u73b0\u4eca\u793e\u4f1a\u5e38\u5e38\u8ba9\u4eba\u611f\u5230\u65e0\u6b62\u5883\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u4e0e\u7ade\u4e89\uff0c\u7236\u6bcd\u4eec\u5728\u9f13\u52b1\u5b69\u5b50\u8ffd\u6c42\u5353\u8d8a\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u62c5\u5fc3\u5b66\u4e1a\u538b\u529b\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u7ecf\u8d85\u51fa\u4e86\u5b69\u5b50\u80fd\u627f\u53d7\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u60a8\u4e5f\u66fe\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6323\u624e\uff0c\u8bf7\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0c\u60a8\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b64\u5355\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u5b66\u4e1a\u538b\u529b\u7684\u9690\u5f62\u4ee3\u4ef7<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5e0c\u671b\u5b69\u5b50\u5b66\u4e1a\u6709\u6210\u662f\u5f88\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u4f46\u82e5\u8fc7\u5ea6\u5f3a\u8c03\u6210\u7ee9\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u53ef\u80fd\u7ed9\u5b69\u5b50\u5e26\u6765\u6c89\u91cd\u7684\u538b\u529b\u3002 \u7814\u7a76\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u5f53\u5b66\u751f\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u5b66\u4e1a\u538b\u529b\u65f6\uff0c\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u73b0\u7126\u8651\u3001\u5fe7\u90c1\u751a\u81f3\u7761\u7720\u969c\u788d\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u627f\u53d7\u8f83\u5927\u5b66\u4e1a\u538b\u529b\u7684\u9ad8\u4e2d\u751f\uff0c\u7126\u8651\u4e0e\u5fe7\u90c1\u7684\u75c7\u72b6\u66f4\u4e3a\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u7761\u7720\u8d28\u91cf\u4e5f\u8f83\u5dee\uff08Liu &amp;Lu\uff0c 2012; Putwain \u7b49\uff0c2019\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u5fc3\u7406\u4e0a\u7684\u611f\u53d7\u2014\u2014\u957f\u671f\u7684\u538b\u529b\u8fd8\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5927\u8111\u53d1\u5c55\u3002 \u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5904\u4e8e\u9ad8\u538b\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\uff0c\u4f53\u5185\u538b\u529b\u8377\u5c14\u8499\uff08\u76ae\u8d28\u9187\uff09\u6c34\u5e73\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f1a\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u66f4\u96be\u96c6\u4e2d\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u3001\u8bb0\u4f4f\u5b66\u8fc7\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\uff08Preston \u7b49\uff0c2017\uff09\u3002 \u6709\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u539f\u672c\u5e0c\u671b\u5b69\u5b50\u66f4\u6210\u529f\u7684\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u8ba9\u5b66\u4e60\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u56f0\u96be\u4e0e\u75db\u82e6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u52a8\u529b\u7684\u6838\u5fc3<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u7236\u6bcd\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u4fdd\u62a4\u5b69\u5b50\u8eab\u5fc3\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u9f13\u52b1\u4ed6\u4eec\u5b66\u4e60\u6210\u957f\u5462\uff1f \u5173\u952e\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e86\u89e3\u5b66\u4e60\u52a8\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u52a8\u529b\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u79cd\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u5185\u5728\u52a8\u673a<\/strong>\uff1a\u6765\u81ea\u5b69\u5b50\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u597d\u5947\u5fc3\u4e0e\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u4e50\u8da3\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5916\u5728\u52a8\u673a<\/strong>\uff1a\u6765\u81ea\u5916\u90e8\u7684\u5956\u52b1\u3001\u5206\u6570\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u53d6\u60a6\u4ed6\u4eba\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7814\u7a76\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\uff0c\u57f9\u517b\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u5185\u5728\u52a8\u673a\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002 \u56e0\u4e3a\u51fa\u4e8e\u597d\u5947\u4e0e\u5174\u8da3\u800c\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u80fd\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u66f4\u4eab\u53d7\u5b66\u4e60\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e5f\u66f4\u6709\u81ea\u4fe1\uff08Ryan &amp;Deci\uff0c 2020; Corpus \u7b49\uff0c2009\uff09\u3002 \u4f46\u82e5\u5b66\u4e60\u53ea\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5206\u6570\u6216\u907f\u514d\u8d23\u7f5a\uff0c\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u70ed\u60c5\u4e0e\u597d\u5947\u5fc3\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u51cf\u5f31\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u91cd\u89c6\u6210\u957f\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u7ed3\u679c<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7236\u6bcd\u80fd\u505a\u7684\u6700\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u4e8b\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u80af\u5b9a\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u548c\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u6210\u679c\u3002 \u5f53\u5b69\u5b50\u542c\u5230\u300c\u6211\u5f88\u6b23\u8d4f\u4f60\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u300d\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u300c\u4f60\u771f\u806a\u660e\u300d\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f1a\u66f4\u6709\u97e7\u6027\uff0c\u66f4\u613f\u610f\u5728\u9047\u5230\u56f0\u96be\u65f6\u7ee7\u7eed\u5c1d\u8bd5\u3002 \u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6 Carol Dweck \u7684\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5f53\u5b69\u5b50\u83b7\u5f97\u5173\u4e8e\u52aa\u529b\u7684\u6b63\u5411\u53cd\u9988\u65f6\uff0c\u6bd4\u8d77\u4ec5\u4ec5\u88ab\u79f0\u8d5e\u806a\u660e\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\uff0c\u66f4\u613f\u610f\u63a5\u53d7\u6311\u6218\uff08Mueller &amp; 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