{"id":13098,"date":"2025-11-17T07:39:43","date_gmt":"2025-11-16T23:39:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sproutinmotion.com\/?p=13098"},"modified":"2025-11-17T07:43:05","modified_gmt":"2025-11-16T23:43:05","slug":"%e9%99%aa%e4%bc%b4%e5%ad%a9%e5%ad%90%e6%88%90%e9%95%b7%ef%bc%9a%e9%9d%a2%e5%b0%8d%e5%ad%b8%e6%a5%ad%e5%a3%93%e5%8a%9b%e8%88%87%e6%bf%80%e7%99%bc%e5%ad%b8%e7%bf%92%e5%8b%95%e5%8a%9b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sproutinmotion.com\/zh-hk\/%e9%99%aa%e4%bc%b4%e5%ad%a9%e5%ad%90%e6%88%90%e9%95%b7%ef%bc%9a%e9%9d%a2%e5%b0%8d%e5%ad%b8%e6%a5%ad%e5%a3%93%e5%8a%9b%e8%88%87%e6%bf%80%e7%99%bc%e5%ad%b8%e7%bf%92%e5%8b%95%e5%8a%9b\/","title":{"rendered":"\u966a\u4f34\u5b69\u5b50\u6210\u9577\uff1a\u9762\u5c0d\u5b78\u696d\u58d3\u529b\u8207\u6fc0\u767c\u5b78\u7fd2\u52d5\u529b"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f5c\u70ba\u7236\u6bcd\uff0c\u60a8\u4e00\u5b9a\u5e0c\u671b\u5b69\u5b50\u80fd\u5920\u5b78\u7fd2\u6210\u9577\u3001\u767c\u63ee\u6f5b\u80fd\uff0c\u64c1\u6709\u7f8e\u597d\u7684\u672a\u4f86\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u73fe\u4eca\u793e\u6703\u5e38\u5e38\u8b93\u4eba\u611f\u5230\u7121\u6b62\u5883\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u8207\u7af6\u722d\uff0c\u7236\u6bcd\u5011\u5728\u9f13\u52f5\u5b69\u5b50\u8ffd\u6c42\u5353\u8d8a\u7684\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u4e5f\u6703\u64d4\u5fc3\u5b78\u696d\u58d3\u529b\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u7d93\u8d85\u51fa\u4e86\u5b69\u5b50\u80fd\u627f\u53d7\u7684\u7bc4\u570d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u4e5f\u66fe\u6709\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6399\u624e\uff0c\u8acb\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0c\u60a8\u4e26\u4e0d\u5b64\u55ae\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u5b78\u696d\u58d3\u529b\u7684\u96b1\u5f62\u4ee3\u50f9<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5e0c\u671b\u5b69\u5b50\u5b78\u696d\u6709\u6210\u662f\u5f88\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u4f46\u82e5\u904e\u5ea6\u5f37\u8abf\u6210\u7e3e\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u53ef\u80fd\u7d66\u5b69\u5b50\u5e36\u4f86\u6c89\u91cd\u7684\u58d3\u529b\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u986f\u793a\uff0c\u7576\u5b78\u751f\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u5f37\u70c8\u7684\u5b78\u696d\u58d3\u529b\u6642\uff0c\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u73fe\u7126\u616e\u3001\u6182\u9b31\u751a\u81f3\u7761\u7720\u969c\u7919\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u627f\u53d7\u8f03\u5927\u5b78\u696d\u58d3\u529b\u7684\u9ad8\u4e2d\u751f\uff0c\u7126\u616e\u8207\u6182\u9b31\u7684\u75c7\u72c0\u66f4\u70ba\u660e\u986f\uff0c\u7761\u7720\u54c1\u8cea\u4e5f\u8f03\u5dee\uff08Liu &amp; Lu, 2012\uff1bPutwain \u7b49\uff0c2019\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9019\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u5fc3\u7406\u4e0a\u7684\u611f\u53d7\u2014\u2014\u9577\u671f\u7684\u58d3\u529b\u9084\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u5927\u8166\u767c\u5c55\u3002\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u8655\u65bc\u9ad8\u58d3\u74b0\u5883\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\uff0c\u9ad4\u5167\u58d3\u529b\u8377\u723e\u8499\uff08\u76ae\u8cea\u9187\uff09\u6c34\u6e96\u8f03\u9ad8\uff0c\u9019\u6703\u8b93\u4ed6\u5011\u66f4\u96e3\u96c6\u4e2d\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u3001\u8a18\u4f4f\u5b78\u904e\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\uff08Preston \u7b49\uff0c2017\uff09\u3002\u6709\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u539f\u672c\u5e0c\u671b\u5b69\u5b50\u66f4\u6210\u529f\u7684\u58d3\u529b\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u8b93\u5b78\u7fd2\u8b8a\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u56f0\u96e3\u8207\u75db\u82e6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u52d5\u529b\u7684\u6838\u5fc3<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u90a3\u9ebc\uff0c\u7236\u6bcd\u8a72\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u4fdd\u8b77\u5b69\u5b50\u8eab\u5fc3\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u9f13\u52f5\u4ed6\u5011\u5b78\u7fd2\u6210\u9577\u5462\uff1f\u95dc\u9375\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e86\u89e3<strong>\u5b78\u7fd2\u52d5\u529b<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u52d5\u529b\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u70ba\u5169\u7a2e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u5167\u5728\u52d5\u6a5f<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f86\u81ea\u5b69\u5b50\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u597d\u5947\u5fc3\u8207\u5b78\u7fd2\u7684\u6a02\u8da3\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5916\u5728\u52d5\u6a5f<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f86\u81ea\u5916\u90e8\u7684\u734e\u52f5\u3001\u5206\u6578\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u53d6\u6085\u4ed6\u4eba\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7814\u7a76\u544a\u8a34\u6211\u5011\uff0c\u57f9\u990a\u5b69\u5b50\u7684<em>\u5167\u5728\u52d5\u6a5f<\/em>\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u51fa\u65bc\u597d\u5947\u8207\u8208\u8da3\u800c\u5b78\u7fd2\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u80fd\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u66f4\u4eab\u53d7\u5b78\u7fd2\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e5f\u66f4\u6709\u81ea\u4fe1\uff08Ryan &amp; Deci, 2020\uff1bCorpus \u7b49\uff0c2009\uff09\u3002\u4f46\u82e5\u5b78\u7fd2\u53ea\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u5206\u6578\u6216\u907f\u514d\u8cac\u7f70\uff0c\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\u71b1\u60c5\u8207\u597d\u5947\u5fc3\u5f80\u5f80\u6703\u6e1b\u5f31\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u91cd\u8996\u6210\u9577\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u7d50\u679c<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7236\u6bcd\u80fd\u505a\u7684\u6700\u6709\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u4e8b\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5c31\u662f<strong>\u80af\u5b9a\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u548c\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u6210\u679c<\/strong>\u3002\u7576\u5b69\u5b50\u807d\u5230\u300c\u6211\u5f88\u6b23\u8cde\u4f60\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u300d\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u300c\u4f60\u771f\u8070\u660e\u300d\u6642\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u6703\u66f4\u6709\u97cc\u6027\uff0c\u66f4\u9858\u610f\u5728\u9047\u5230\u56f0\u96e3\u6642\u7e7c\u7e8c\u5617\u8a66\u3002\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6 Carol Dweck \u7684\u7814\u7a76\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u7576\u5b69\u5b50\u7372\u5f97\u95dc\u65bc\u52aa\u529b\u7684\u6b63\u5411\u56de\u994b\u6642\uff0c\u6bd4\u8d77\u50c5\u50c5\u88ab\u7a31\u8b9a\u8070\u660e\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\uff0c\u66f4\u9858\u610f\u63a5\u53d7\u6311\u6230\uff08Mueller &amp; Dweck, 1998\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u652f\u6301\u81ea\u4e3b\u8207\u597d\u5947\u5fc3<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b69\u5b50\u5728\u611f\u5230\u6709\u9078\u64c7\u6b0a\u6642\uff0c\u5b78\u7fd2\u7684\u52d5\u529b\u6703\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u5347\u3002\u591a\u5e74\u4f86\uff0cRyan \u8207 Deci \u7684\u52d5\u6a5f\u7814\u7a76\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u7576\u5b69\u5b50\u5728\u5b78\u7fd2\u5167\u5bb9\u6216\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0a\u6709\u81ea\u4e3b\u6b0a\u6642\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5167\u5728\u52d5\u6a5f\u6703\u81ea\u7136\u63d0\u5347\u3002\u8b93\u5b69\u5b50\u81ea\u5df1\u9078\u4e00\u672c\u60f3\u8b80\u7684\u66f8\u3001\u63a2\u7d22\u6709\u8208\u8da3\u7684\u4e3b\u984c\uff0c\u6216\u6c7a\u5b9a\u5982\u4f55\u5b8c\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u9805\u76ee\uff0c\u90fd\u80fd\u5e36\u4f86\u7a4d\u6975\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4fdd\u6301\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6211\u5011\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u628a\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u6642\u9593\u6392\u5f97\u6eff\u6eff\u7684\u2014\u2014\u8ab2\u696d\u3001\u624d\u85dd\u3001\u88dc\u7fd2\uff0c\u4f46<em>\u81ea\u7531\u904a\u6232\u8207\u4f11\u606f<\/em>\u5c0d\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u6210\u9577\u540c\u6a23\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u64c1\u6709\u8f03\u591a\u81ea\u7531\u904a\u6232\u8207\u81ea\u4e3b\u6d3b\u52d5\u6642\u9593\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\uff0c\u81ea\u6211\u8abf\u7bc0\u8207\u57f7\u884c\u529f\u80fd\u80fd\u529b\u4e5f\u8f03\u597d\uff08Barker \u7b49\uff0c2014\uff09\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u8db3\u5920\u7684\u904a\u6232\u3001\u4f11\u606f\u8207\u653e\u9b06\u6642\u9593\u662f\u5b69\u5b50\u6210\u9577\u7684\u5fc5\u9700\u54c1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4ee5\u8eab\u4f5c\u5247\uff0c\u6b63\u5411\u9762\u5c0d\u932f\u8aa4<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b69\u5b50\u6703\u89c0\u5bdf\u5927\u4eba\u5982\u4f55\u770b\u5f85\u932f\u8aa4\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u80fd\u5766\u7136\u5206\u4eab\u81ea\u5df1\u5b78\u7fd2\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u56f0\u96e3\u8207\u5931\u6557\u7d93\u9a57\uff0c\u5b69\u5b50\u6703\u660e\u767d\uff1a\u72af\u932f\u4e26\u4e0d\u53ef\u6015\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u662f\u6210\u9577\u7684\u6a5f\u6703\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u4e5f\u8b49\u5be6\uff0c\u7576\u7236\u6bcd\u628a\u932f\u8aa4\u7576\u4f5c\u6210\u9577\u5951\u6a5f\u6642\uff0c\u5b69\u5b50\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u57f9\u990a\u51fa\u6709\u5f48\u6027\u7684\u300c\u6210\u9577\u578b\u601d\u7dad\u300d\uff08Haimovitz &amp; 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